Silberman Neil Asher (ed.) The Oxford Companion To Archaeology. Vol. 1. Ache-Hoho (B)

Second Edition. — Oxford University Press, 2012. — ISBN: 978-0-19-973578-5. (В файле с. 181-248).Since its publication in 1996, the Oxford Companion to Archaeology has firmly established itself as the standard reference work in the field of archaeology, remaining a favorite among students, scholars, and anyone interested in archaeology. In close to 800 entries, the second edition provides thorough coverage of historical archaeology, the development of archaeology as a field of study, and the ways the discipline works to explain the past. In addition to these theoretical entries, other entries describe the major excavations, discoveries, and innovations, from the discovery of the cave paintings at Lascaux to the deciphering of Egyptian hieroglyphics and the use of luminescence dating.
Much has changed in the field since 1996. Recent developments in methods and analytical techniques (e.g., laser-based mapping and survey systems, new applications of the scanning electron microscope) have revolutionized the ways excavations are performed. Cultural tourism, cultural resource management, heritage, and conservation have been redefined as areas within archaeology, and have been newly emphasized by scholars and administrators. Major site discoveries have expanded our understanding of prehistory and human developments through time.
The second edition explores each of these advances in the field, adding approximately 150 entries. In addition to significant expansion, first-edition entries have been thoroughly revised and updated to reflect the progress that has been made in the last decade and a half.Babylon (James A. Armstrong).
Ban Chiang (Joyce C. White).
Bandelier, Adolph (Michael A. Adler).
Bandkeramik (Peter Bogucki).
Ban Non Wat (Charles Higham).
Banpo (Sarah Milledge Nelson).
Banyan Cave (Joyce C. White).
Bat Cave (W. H. Willis).
Battlefield Archaeology (Douglas D. Scott).
Beakers (Andrew Sheratt).
Beer and Brewing (Lisa C. Kahn).
Behavorial Archaeology (Vincent M. LaMotta).
Bell, Gertrude (Brian M. Fagan).
Belzoni, Giovanni (Brian M. Fagan).
Bilzingsleben (Paul G. Bahn).
Binford, Lewis (Margarita Diaz-Andreu).
Biological Anthropology (See Physical Anthropology).
Biskupin (Anthony F. Harding).
Black Death (Corinne Duhig).
Bog Bodies (Don Brothwell).
Botta, Paul Emile (Brian M. Fagan).
Boucher de Perthes, Jacques (Brian M. Fagan).
Boyne Valley (George Eogan).
Breuil, Henri (Paul G. Bahn).
Britain and Ireland (John Waddell).
British Isles.
Overview (Chris Scarre).
Prehistory of the British Isles (Richard Bradley; revised by Joshua Pollard).
Roman Britain (David J. Mattingly).
The Anglo-Saxons (Catherine Hills).
Celtic Ireland (Lloyd Laing).
Viking Raids and Settlement in Britain and Ireland (Richard A. Hall).
Medieval Britain (Ken Dark; updated by Mattew H. Johnson).
The Industrial Revolution (R. Angus Buchanan).
Bronze Age (See Three-Age System).
Brugh Na Boinne (See Boyne Valley).
Burial and Thombs (Diane Z. Chase).
Byzantine Culture.
Byzantine Decorative Arts (Marcus Rautman).
Byzantine Fortifications (Jodi Magness).
Ancient Synagogues (Jodi Magness).
Byzantine Monasteries (Robert Schick).