Engineering Structures 33 (2011). — p. 2547–2553. The paper investigates buckle propagation in deep sub-sea pipelines. Experimental results are presented using ring squash tests and hyperbaric chamber tests, and are compared with a modified analytical solution and with numerical results using finite element analysis. The experimental investigation was conducted using commercial...
Ocean Engineering 55 (2012). — p. 125–135. Sandwich pipes (SP) can be an effective solution for the ultra-deepwater submarine pipeline, combining high structural resistance with thermal insulation capability. Besides polymer, steel fiber reinforced concrete (SFRC) can be an another choice for the annular material, based on the characteristics of high fracture toughness and good...
Ocean Engineering 82 (2014). — p. 1–13. Sandwich pipes (SP) with steel tubes and a lightweight flexible core are under consideration as a potential solution for ultra-deepwater submarine pipelines, combining high structural resistance with thermal insulation. Besides polymeric materials, strain hardening cementitious composites (SHCC) reinforced with polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) fibers,...
Ocean Engineering 48 (2012). — p. 17–31. A sandwich pipe (SP) is an effective design alternative, providing effective load carrying capacity and thermal insulation to pipelines, especially when the pipe is going to be utilized in deep and ultra-deep water applications. However, the design and development of a reliable SP requires an in-depth understanding of the behavior of such a...
Journal of Hydrology 509 (2014). — p. 615–620. Local scour below pipelines commonly occurs due to the erosive action of currents and waves. Scour is a major cause for the failure of underwater pipelines which is very important in water resources manage- ment. In this study, experiments were conducted to investigate the effect of four different pipeline orien- tations (30°,45°,60°...
Procedia Engineering 116 ( 2015 ). — p. 730 – 737. Oil and gas reserves are moving towards deeper waters day by day and it has become increasingly important to construct structures and subsea pipelines in deeper waters to transport the hydrocarbons for the users. The J-lay technique has become a better alternative to the conventional S-lay technique for installing subsea pipelines...
Marine Structures 43 (2015). — p. 107-124. The application of non-metallic light weight pipeline (LWP) in subsea oil/gas transmission system is subject to subsea pipeline on-bottom stability problem because of their light weight. Addi- tional weight required for the stabilization of subsea LWP is a critical item to consider when decreasing the cost of the pipeline system. This...
Cold Regions Science and Technology 69 (2011). — p. 3–20. Offshore operators in the Arctic will rely on seafloor installations, notably pipelines, to manage and transport hydrocarbons. In icy waters, these structures are at risk of being damaged by gouging ice features, either icebergs or sea ice ridges. This phenomenon generally occurs when an ice feature drifts into shallower...
Ocean Engineering 108 (2015). — p. 760–768. Ploughing is a technique often used to bury offshore pipelines in the seabed. During this process the operator must ensure that a sufficiently deep, level trench is produced while towing the plough with the available bollard pull of a suitable trenching support vessel. This paper reports experimental work investigating the effect that...
Computers and Geotechnics 69 (2015). — p. 641–651. A novel approach for modelling axial pipe–soil interaction, consisting of bespoke finite elements, is pro- posed. The purpose is to have a model that represents a two-dimensional slice of soil perpendicular to the pipe which is computationally cheap enough to be incorporated in global analysis of subsea pipelines, whilst capable...
Engineering Structures 29 (2007). — p. 973–982. Offshore pipelines used for oil and gas transportation are often buried to avoid damage from fishing activities and to provide thermal insulation. The soil cover also provides resistance to upward movement of the pipe caused by thermally-induced axial loading, a phenomenon known as upheaval buckling. Previous research has been...
Engineering Fracture Mechanics 77 (2010). — p. 415–436. This work provides an estimation procedure to determine the J-integral and CTOD for pipes with circumferential surface cracks subjected to bending load for a wide range of crack geometries and material (hardening) based upon fully-plastic solutions. A summary of the methodology upon which J and CTOD are derived sets the...
Choi K.-H., Lee C.-S., Ryu D.-M., Koo B.-Y. , Kim M.-H., Lee J.-M.. — J Mar Sci Technol, 2015. — 16 p. In the designing stage of subsea pipelines, the design parameters, such as pipe materials, thickness and diameters, are carefully determined to guarantee flow assurance and structural safety. However, once corrosion occurs in pipelines, the operating pressure should be decreased...
International Journal of Damage Mechanics 2014, Vol 23(1). — p. 104–123. This paper shows the procedures needed to calibrate a numerical model intended for ductile damage estimation of bulk materials. For this purpose, an extensive experimental campaign has been carried out on three steels used for offshore/onshore pipe applications. Tests have been performed providing very...
International Journal of Solids and Structures 51 (2014). — p. 3449–3460. Scouring of the seabed by ice masses poses great threat to structural integrity and safety of buried structures such as oil and gas pipes. Large ridge motions and large seabed deformations complicate study of the seabed scouring and pipe interaction using classical Lagrangian methods. We present a new...
Coastal Engineering 94 (2014). — p. 10–22. A fully-coupled hydrodynamic/morphodynamic numerical model is presented and utilized for the simulation of wave-induced scour and backfilling processes beneath submarine pipelines. The model is based on solutions to Reynolds-averaged Navier–Stokes equations, coupled with k − ω turbulence closure, with additional bed and suspended load...
Marine Structures 29 (2012). — p. 115–130. Accidental damage of offshore pipelines in the form of local buckles induced by excessive bending deformation during deep- water installation may severely lead to local collapse of the tube and consequent buckle propagation along the pipeline. The present paper describes experimental and numerical research conducted to predict the...
Ocean Engineering 88 (2014). — p. 393–408. The dynamic behaviour of offshore pipeline in the process of deepwater S-lay operations, which is of prime importance in the installation design of the pipeline, has drawn extensive research attention. In this paper, a comprehensive finite element model for S-lay systems within the framework of the commercial computer code OrcaFlex is...
Gong et al. / J Zhejiang Univ-Sci A (Appl Phys & Eng) 2011 12(8). — p. 627-636. The buckle and collapse of offshore pipeline subjected to combined actions of tension, bending, and external pressure during deepwater installation has drawn a great deal of attention. Extended from the model initially proposed by Kyriakides and his co-workers, a 2D theoretical model which can...
J. Cent. South Univ. (2013) 20: 2054−2065, 2013. — 12 p. Buckling of submarine pipelines under thermal stress is one of the most important problems to be considered in pipeline design. And pipeline with initial imperfections will easily undergo failure due to global buckling under thermal stress and internal pressure. Therefore, it is vitally important to study the global buckling...
Journal of Natural Gas Science and Engineering 16 (2014). — p. 44-56. Transportation of natural gas through high pressure large diameter offshore pipelines is modeled by numerically solving the governing equations for one-dimensional compressible pipe flow using an im- plicit finite difference method. The pipelines considered have a diameter of 1 m and length of approx- imately 650...
20th European Conference on Fracture (ECF20), Procedia Materials Science 3 (2014). — p. 1216–1225. Pipeline material with internal cladding or liner of corrosion resistant material has become more customary in the later years as a replacement for carbon steel with high corrosion allowance due to the high corrosivity of unprocessed hydrocarbons. Clad material however, offer new...
Engineering Failure Analysis 58 (2015). — p. 394–406. This case study presents a methodology to determine the criticality of defects in submarine pipe- line girth welds made of clad carbon steel and to establish weld defect acceptance criteria. The maximum target acceptance criteria are usually given by the applied design code often with addi- tional requirements set by the...
Case Studies in Engineering Failure Analysis 2 (2014). — p. 1–8. Failure of a subsea crude oil API 5L X52 steel pipeline which led to oil leakage has been reported to occur after 27 years in service. Some leaks were found to form at the bottom of the horizontal API 5L X52 steel pipeline near an elbow section which connected the pipeline to a riser. The present investigation aims...
Ocean Engineering 37 (2010). — p, 365–377. In this paper a nonlinear dynamic PDE formulation for a pipe string suspended from a pipelay vessel to the seabed in a pipelay operation is developed. This model extends a three-dimensional beam model capable of undergoing finite extension, shearing, twist and bending, to apply for marine applications by adding the effects of restoring...
Engineering Structures 66 (2014). — p. 81–88. Experimental and finite element results for buckle interaction in subsea pipelines are presented in this paper. Experimental results for buckle propagation and pure bending of pipes are presented first followed by buckle interaction results. A finite element model, verified against the experimental results, is used to develop buckle...
Thin-Walled Structures 71 (2013). — p. 1–6. An experimental study of buckle propagation in subsea pipelines is presented in this paper. The experimental protocol consists of two types of experiments; hyperbaric chamber and ring squash tests. Intact and dented steel and aluminium pipes with different diameter-to-thickness ratio are used in these tests. The experimental results are...
Applied Ocean Research 51 (2015). — p. 241–251. The process of scour around submarine pipelines laid on mobile beds is complicated due to physical processes arising from the triple interaction of waves/currents, beds and pipelines. This paper presents Artificial Neural Network (ANN) models for predicting the scour depth beneath submarine pipelines for different storm conditions....
International Journal of Solids and Structures 50 (2013). — p. 3430–3445. Offshore pipelines subjected to accidental loads, such as impacts from trawl gear or anchors, may expe- rience large global displacements from its initial position and large local strains. The axial forces set up during deformation move the pipeline back towards its initial position, thereby creating a...
Simon H.F. Leckie, ScottDrapera, David J. White, Liang Cheng, Antonino Fogliani. Coastal Engineering 95 (2015) 130–146, 17 p. Seven years of field survey measurements of a subsea pipeline obtained using sonar profilers and underwater video indicate significant lowering of the pipeline into the seabed due to sediment mobility and scour. The majority of the lowering occurs within 2...
International Journal of Mechanical Sciences 50 (2008). — p. 1058–1064. Integral buckle arrestors are relatively thick wall rings periodically welded in an offshore pipeline at intervals of several hundred meters in order to safeguard the line in case a propagating buckle initiates. They provide additional circumferential rigidity and thus impede downstream propagation of...
Ocean Engineering 95 (2015). — p. 116–127. Impact forces induced by submarine landslides on pipelines are estimated using a computational fluid dynamics (CFD) approach. It is found that the predicted forces using the CFD approach are consistent with those predicted using the conventional geotechnical approach. It is also found that the impact angle of the debris flow induced by...
J. Cent. South Univ. (2014) 21: 416−427, 2014. — 12 p. In order to avoid the curing effects of paraffin on the transport process and reduce the transport difficulty, usually high temperature and high pressure are used in the transportation of oil and gas. The differences of temperature and pressure cause additional stress along the pipeline, due to the constraint of the foundation...
J. Cent. South Univ. (2013) 20: 236−245, 10 p. In-service hydrocarbons must be transported at high temperature and high pressure to ease the flow and prevent the solidification of the wax fraction. The pipeline containing hot oil will expand longitudinally due to the rise in temperature. If such expansion is resisted, for example by frictional effects over a kilometer or so of...
Marine Structures 43 (2015). — p. 44-60. Upheaval buckling of submarine pipelines occurs due to relative movement of pipeline and surrounding soil and is often triggered by high operational temperature of the pipeline, initial imperfec- tion of the pipeline, or a combination of both. Since buckling can jeopardize the structural integrity of a pipeline, it is a failure mode that...
Ocean Engineering 78 (2014). — p. 62–72. Subsea pipelines buckle globally because of their movement relative to surrounding soil. Global buckling is often triggered by high operational temperature of the oil in pipelines, initial imperfections in the pipeline, and/or a combination of both. Pipeline global buckling is a failure mode that must be considered in the design and...
International Journal of Solids and Structures 72 (2015). — p. 11–25. Bending of tubes with a material that exhibits Lьders banding results in banded, localized deformation organized in diamond-shaped pockets on the tensioned and compressed sides of the tube. Furthermore, the Lьders-deformed section exhibits higher ovalization and curvature than the rest of the structure. Under...
Marine Structures 34 (2013) 156–184, 2013. — 29 p. This paper presents a novel strategy based on the finite element method for prediction of fishing gear interference loads on subsea pipelines. Trawl board pull-over interaction is addressed with emphasis on hydrodynamic load representation, handling of pipe- trawl contact and modeling of the trawl gear system. A validation study...
Theoretical and Applied Mechanics Letters 5 (2015). — p. 97–100. This paper studies the coupling effect of the pipeline vibration on the seabed scour. A vertical two- dimensional model is applied to numerically investigate the local scour below a vibrating pipeline with different amplitudes and periods. Using the scour underneath a fixed pipeline as a reference, this paper focuses...
Petroleum exploration and development, Volume 40, Issue 1, February 2013. — p. 119-125. Based on engineering practice of the picking-up and laying-down processes of offshore pipelines, a finite element model was established. On the basis of the model, methods and steps of the picking-up and laying-down operations were determined, and the impacts of currents and seedbed friction on...
Pipelines international digest, 2012. — 5 p. Complex and sensitive facilities have to be managed under safe, reliable, and economically feasible conditions. Linepipe – especially that used offshore – is often stored for a long time before use. Protection of these assets from environmental factors, dirt, third-party damage, and theft is important. Pipe also needs to be tracked and...
Engineering Fracture Mechanics 77 (2010). — p. 2337–2353. As a result of recent increase in exploitation of hydrocarbon resources in harsher environ- ments and also installation techniques which utilize the materials plastic deformation capacity, accurate assessment of fracture response of pipelines subject to large plastic strains (e.g., typical of reeled pipes) has attracted...
Ocean Engineering 68 (2013). — p. 27–37. As offshore oil and gas developments move into ultra-deep water depths, the greater the impact onerous installation procedures will have on pipeline integrity. Current approaches for predicting this impact are mostly based on a global pipeline perspective, using installation analysis tools that model the entire length of suspended pipeline...
Applied Ocean Research 46 (2014). — p. 116–123. The venture of oil and gas exploration into deeper waters has increased drastically in these recent years, as the shallow water fields approaching exhaustion. Large diameter pipelines installed in these areas are exposed to the severe pressure loading resulting from the water depth and any pre-installation damages sustained during...
Ocean Engineering 48 (2012). — p. 32–37. Assessment of interaction forces between deep water pipelines and potential submarine slides, debris flows and turbidity currents is an important aspect of geohazard studies. Historically, interaction forces have tended to be expressed in terms of drag factors, within a traditional fluid mechanics framework, with the drag factors depending...
Ocean Engineering 109 (2015). — p. 539–552. Risk assessment procedures for subsea projects are a key component of design and maintenance and inspection efforts, as resulting operating time may cause aging damages to adjacent subsea equipment. In particular, for subsea pipeline management work, corrosion of pipelines may impinge on a vast number of subsea pipeline systems and can...
Marine Structures 39 (2014). — p. 174-197. The dynamic response of offshore pipelines in free spans may be affected by the presence of adjacent spans, giving rise to complex mode shapes and modal stress distributions. Simplified and reliable methods for free span response calculations are widely applied in the pipeline engineering community, but existing methods are not valid for...
Computers & Structures, Volume 86, Issues 7–8, April 2008. — p. 728–743. Using finite element models it is possible to determine the cross-over ex- ternal pressure of different pipeline arrestor designs. In this paper these fi- nite element models are discussed and validated by comparing their results with experimental determinations. The flipping and flattening cross-over mechanisms,...
Engineering Structures 56 (2013). — p. 68–82. Fast and accurate methods for determining pipeline eigenfrequencies and associated bending stresses are essential to free span design, and hence of great interest to the pipeline industry. The Rayleigh–Ritz approach has been applied in combination with a displacement field taken as a Fourier sine series to obtain a novel,...
Ocean Engineering 94 (2015). — p. 51–66. Offshore pipeline ploughs are used for laying pipelines in seabed trenches; these devices primarily consist of a plough body and skid and steering systems. Research on the virtual dynamic analysis of this system is essential for predicting the dynamic performance of the plough during trenching and steering. In this work, a 3-D rigid body...
Applied Ocean Research 33 (2011). — p. 130–136. Offshore pipelines are usually buried to avoid damage from fishing activities and to provide thermal insulation. Provided that the buried pipelines are sufficiently confined in the lateral direction by the passive resistance of the trench walls, they may be subject to vertical buckling caused by a rise in temperature. Vertical...
Applied Ocean Research 32 (2010). — p. 321–331. The as-laid embedment of an offshore pipeline is an important parameter for design as it affects lateral and axial stability, exposure to environmental loads, and thermal insulation. For soft clay seabeds, the as- laid embedment can be significantly higher than predicted using methods based on the static penetration resistance due to...
Marine Structures 34 (2013). — p. 74–87. In deepwater S-lay operations, the combined influences of stinger curvature, axial tension and roller support force can induce very large plastic deformation in the pipe. Dynamic loads from vessel motion and pipe sliding down the stinger lead the cyclic plastic deformation. This paper investigates the cyclic plastic stress his- tory of the...
China Ocean Eng., Vol. 29, No. 2, pp. 253 – 263, 2015. — 11 p. As an important part of lifeline engineering in the development and utilization of marine resources, the submarine fluid-filled pipeline is a complex coupling system which is subjected to both internal and external flow fields. By utilizing Kennard’s shell equations and combining with Helmholtz equations of flow field,...
Ocean Engineering 84 (2014). — p. 176–182. This paper presents the results from laboratory experiments to investigate the protection of scour around submarine pipelines under unidirectional flow using a rubber plate placed underneath the pipes. Thepressuredifferenceonthetwosidesofthepipelineisthedrivingforcetoinitiatethemovementof sediment particles and can be obtained by force...
Applied Ocean Research 48 (2014). — p. 292–300. This paper presents a refined analytical solution for pipe-laying on an elasto-plastic seabed. The solution builds on previous work, extending it to include elastic rebound of the pipe. The approach simplifies the pipeline as the combination of four segments: a natural catenary through most of the water column; a boundary-layer segment...
Applied Ocean Research 35 (2012). — p. 95–104. As one of the most destructive geohazards, submarine landslides pose significant risks to pipelines and seabed installations. Deepwater pipelines are often laid on the seabed without pre-trenching or cover, and especially light pipelines are often laid on the surface of the seabed, which makes them directly exposed to debris flows....
Applied Ocean Research 35 (2012). — p. 105–114. In deepwater, the pipeline is directly laid on the seabed without any protection, but the heavy pipelines will embed into the seabed during installation. The behavior of heavy pipeline under the impact of land- slide is different from that of light pipeline because the heavy pipeline will move downwards when moving laterally under...
Applied Ocean Research 36 (2012). — p. 60 –68. The pipe–soil interaction at the touchdown zone (TDZ) during pipeline installation is of great importance as the pipe embedment has significant influence on various aspects of the performance of the pipeline. Most of the published works focus on the pipe–soil interaction at a pipe segment of unit length ignoring the lay effects, or...
2011 SREE Conference on Engineering Modelling and Simulation, Procedia Engineering 12 (2011). — p. 60–65. A dynamic analysis of a kind of steel pipeline is presented in this paper. With a reasonable simplification of the working conditions, the finite element model of the pipeline is built. To get the optimal span, the dynamic displacement and internal force of the pipeline are...
Ocean Engineering 84 (2014). — p. 194–200. As a primary device of the S-lay technique, the stinger is used to protect the overbend section in a pipeline. It is difficult to determine the design loads acting on the rollers during the dynamic pipelaying condition using numerical methods alone. Instead, a test model is used to analyze this complex problem. This paper introduces some...
Applied Mathematical Modelling 39 (2015). — p. 7611–7619. In this study, we used a computational fluid dynamics (CFD)–discrete element method (DEM) model to analyze the triggering of sand movement below an offshore pipeline. The advantage of this CFD–DEM model is that it considers the motion and force applied to every individual particle, thereby facilitating detailed simulations...
Ocean Engineering 102 (2015). — p. 129–135. An upheaval buckling solution is proposed using a preheating method combined with constraints from two segmented ditching constructions, which are scheduled before and after preheating. In this solution, some selected pipe segments along the route were curve-laid and preserved resting on the seabed in the first ditching construction,...
Applied Ocean Research 41 (2013). — p. 87–100. A numerical study is performed on the flow field around a submarine pipe equipped with a spoiler in a rectangular configuration and the variation of seabed surface caused by current-induced scouring beneath the pipe. The study is aimed to investigate the effects of spoiler height and gap between pipe and seabed on flow characteristics...
Нефтегазовое дело. — 2007. — Т. 5. — №1. — С. 120—125. В статье представлены результаты сравнительного анализа коэффициента трения λ, экспериментально определены в критическом режиме и переходном режиме со значениями, рассчитанными по современным уравнениям. Выявлены наиболее точные уравнения для λ, удовлетворительно описывающие эти режимы. Определены диапазоны чисел...
Oil&Gas Eurasia, №02/2006. - с. 50-59.
В статье приводится сравнительный анализ основных программ для расчета напряженно-деформированного состояния трубопроводов:
AutoPIPE;
CAESAR II;
CPIPE;
АСТРА-НОВА;
СТАРТ.
Статья написана на двух языках - русском и английском.
Статья из журнала «Арматуростроение» (часть 1- №2 (71) 2011 С. 48-52, часть 2 - №3 (72) 2011 С. 61-65)
Предложена методика газодинамического расчета предохранительного клапана и выпускного трубопровода на основе аналогии с гидравлическими сужающими устройствами типа сопла. Методика включает в себя определение рациональной величины диаметров выходного патрубка клапана и выпускного...
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